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Mughal History in India |
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The Mughal period was a very important chapter in the History of India. The duration of the reign of the Mughal dynasty continued from the early phase of the 16th century till the middle of the 19th century. In the middle of the reigning period of the Mughal Empire, the area occupied by it included most of the Indian sub- continent and in addition to that, some portion of the country which is now known to be Afghanistan. At that very time the population of the empire was estimated to be more than one hundred million. The Mughal Empire possessed an amazingly vast area of more than three million square kilometers.
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The Mughal history in India witnessed the reigning of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty like Babur or Zahiruddin Mohammed(1526 - 1530) , Humayun or Nasiruddin Mohammed( 1530 – 1540 and 1555 – 1556 ), Akbar or Jalaluddin Mohammed( 1556 – 1605 ), Jahangir or Nuruluddin Mohammed(1605 – 1627), Shah Jahan or Shihabuddin Mohammed(1627 - 1658), Aurangjeb or Muhiuddin Mohammed(1658 – 1707) and Shah Alam I or Muazzam Bahadur(1707 - !712).
The success of most of the Mughal rulers in the history of India owes much to the ability of the earlier rulers to feel the pulse of the people of the country. Babur's will to Humayun can be cited for example. In his will to his son, Babur advised him not to be biased over religion in the country where he is ruling. He also asks Humayun to feel the religious sensitivity of the countrymen. Babur could himself feel in which cases the common people might have been hurt. That is why, he forbids his son to practise the slaughtering of the cows. According to him in this way the king would be able to win the hearts of the people of his country.
Among all the Mughal rulers, Akbar happens to be youngest one to have adorned the throne in the Mughal history in India. At the tiny age of thirteen, Akbar came to be the Mughal emperor. It is Bairam Khan that who fought in the Second Battle of Panipath on behalf of Akbar. He was the guide of Akbar in matters of administration of the vast state that Akbar had inherited from Humayun who died at an immature age. Akbar expanded the land to a great extent, that he had inherited from his father. Mughal history in India was in the richest prosperity during the reign of Akbar.
It is Aurangjeb during whose reign the decline of the Mughal reign in India was prominent. Corruption was in full growth among the bureaucracy. Aurangjeb got involved in war against a number of sultans, and also against the Rajputs in Rajasthan and the Marathas in the state of Maharashtra. There were also internal revolts and mutinies. The irony remains that Aurangjeb like a fool get involved in so many wars at almost the same time, while the rebels also took place at the same time.
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